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How Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials Got Their Names". May 1, 2018. Archived from the original on Many people in the postwar era looked forward to having children because they were confident that the future would be one of comfort and prosperity. In many ways, they were right: Corporations grew larger and more profitable, labor unions promised generous wages and benefits to their members, and consumer goods were more plentiful and affordable than ever before. As a result, many Americans felt certain that they could give their families all the material things that they themselves had done without. Moving to the Suburbs According to the General Household Survey, in Great Britain in 1990 to 1991 only half (52%) of people in their 70s lived in homes that were owned outright, compared to three-quarters (78%) in 2016 ( Opinions and Lifestyle Survey).
Ignoring the skepticism of his comrades, Chairman Mao introduced the Hundred Flowers Campaign of 1956-57 encouraging intellectuals and elites from the old era to share their thoughts freely with the slogan, "Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred school of thoughts contend". Mao thought that his revolution had already transformed Chinese society for good. The result was an outburst of ideas deemed unacceptable by the CCP and above all, Mao himself, which fueled his distrust of intellectuals. Mao responded with the Cultural Revolution, which saw the intelligentsia being sent to the countryside for manual labor. Post-secondary education was almost completely abolished in mainland China. There existed only 48,000 university students in China in 1970, including 4,260 in the natural sciences and 90 in the social sciences, 23,000 technical school students in 1969, and 15,000 teachers in training in 1969. Data on post-graduate students was not available, presumably because there were no such students. China had a population of around 830 million in 1970. [83] a b c d e f g h i j Hobsbawn, Eric (1996). "Chapter Eleven: Cultural Revolution". The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century 1914-1991. Abacus. ISBN 978-0-349-10671-7. A significant degree of consensus exists around the date range of the baby boomer cohort, with the generation considered to cover those born from 1946 to 1964 by various organizations such as the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, [28] Pew Research Center, [29] U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, [30] [31] Federal Reserve Board, [32] Australian Bureau of Statistics, [33] Gallup, [34] YouGov [35] and Australia's Social Research Center. [36] The United States Census Bureau defines baby boomers as "individuals born in the United States between mid-1946 and mid-1964". [37] [38] Landon Jones, in his book Great Expectations: America and the Baby Boom Generation (1980), defined the span of the baby-boom generation as extending from 1946 through 1964. [39] a b Salt, Bernard (2004). The Big Shift. South Yarra, Victoria: Hardie Grant Books. ISBN 978-1-74066-188-1. They have lived through a period of unprecedented economic, social, cultural and technological change.
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Others have delimited the baby boom period differently. Authors William Strauss and Neil Howe, in their 1991 book Generations, define the social generation of boomers as that cohort born from 1943 to 1960, who were too young to have any personal memory of World War II, but old enough to remember the postwar American High before John F. Kennedy's assassination. [40] Van Bavel, Jan; Reher, David S. (2013). "The Baby Boom and Its Causes: What We Know and What We Need to Know". Population and Development Review. 39 (2): 257–288. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2013.00591.x. Abby Boom got her school education from a local school in Sydney. She had developed a passion for comedy and acting from her school. She participated in drama shows and events at her school. In Europe and North America, many boomers came of age in a time of increasing affluence and widespread government subsidies in postwar housing and education, [6] and grew up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time. [7] Those with higher standards of living and educational levels were often the most demanding of betterment. [16] [20] In the early 21st century, baby boomers in some developed countries are the single biggest cohort in their societies due to subreplacement fertility and population aging. [21] In the United States, they are the second most numerous age demographic after millennials. [22] Etymology [ edit ]
Spoorenberg, Thomas (2015). "Reconstructing historical fertility change in Mongolia: Impressive fertility rise before continued fertility decline" (PDF). Demographic Research. 33: 841–870. doi: 10.4054/DemRes.2015.33.29. Sandström, Glenn; Marklund, Emil (2018). "A prelude to the dual provider family – The changing role of female labor force participation and occupational field on fertility outcomes during the baby boom in Sweden 1900–60". The History of the Family. 24: 149–173. doi: 10.1080/1081602X.2018.1556721. For people born in 1920, prior to World War 2 there were more men than women (1019 men to every 1,000 women aged 15 to 19 in 1936) in England and Wales, while after World War 2 there were more women than men (989 men to every 1000 women aged 25 to 29 in 1946).Gillon, Steve. Boomer Nation: The Largest and Richest Generation Ever, and How It Changed America (2004), by leading historian. excerpt and text search Higher levels of childlessness among women turning 70 in 1990 could be associated with the harsh times that they lived through. They benefitted from large discounts on council houses, resulting in a rapid expansion in home ownership; sales peaked in 1982 to 1983 with 182,171 homes sold over 12 months in England and Wales. People turning 70 in 1990 were in their early 60s at that time and would have found it more difficult to secure a mortgage.
Baby boom was absent or not very strong in Italy, Greece, Portugal and Spain. [19] There were however regional variations in Spain, with a considerable baby boom occurring in regions such as Catalonia. [34] This is because survival was far better for the post-World War 2 baby boom generation (born 1946) than those born following the World War 1 baby-boom (born 1920). The author and columnist Bernard Salt places the Australian baby boom between 1946 and 1961. [37] [38] Asia and Africa [ edit ]
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Forman-Brunell, Miriam (2009). Babysitter: An American History. New York University Press. pp. 49–50. ISBN 978-0-8147-2759-1. One side effect of the student revolts of the late-1960s was that it made unions and workers realize they could demand more from their employers. Nevertheless, after so many years of full employment and growing wages and benefits, the working class was simply uninterested in starting a revolution. [20] In the United Kingdom, the Lady Chatterley trial (1959) and the first long-play of the Beatles, Please Please Me (1963) were to begin the process of altering public perception of human mating, a cause subsequently taken up by young people seeking personal liberation. [19] [note 7]
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